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Namibia
is a technicolor dreamscape, a land of swirling apricot dunes and shimmering
white flats, mirages and dust devils, black-faced impala and crimson-breasted
shrike. Its major game park, which centers on the Great Etosha Pan, offers
an exceptional range and abundance of wildlife and a landscape that could not
provide a more striking backdrop for it. The coastal region is one of the world's
most captivating desert regions, and in the south lies a canyon second in magnificence
only to the Grand Canyon itself. Location, Geography,
Climate Namibia has four primary geographic regions, all of which are of great
interest to the adventure traveller. In the north lies the Etosha Pan, an enormous
alluvial basin that has long since lost the lake that it once held. Although water
supplies are now limited for most of the year to the perimeter of the pan, the
area remains sufficiently fertile to support great herds of antelope species (including
gemsbok, impala, and springbok), zebra, and--most famously--elephants.
Many other species of wildlife abound as well, and the Etosha Pan is now the center
of one of the finest game parks on the African continent. Along the Namibian coast
lies the Namib Desert, a spectacularly barren, brilliant red sand landscape that
is divided into the Skeleton Coast (in the north) and the Diamond Coast (in the
south). There are a number of features of this coastal desert that make it quite
unlike any spot on earth. First, and most famously, it is the richest source of
diamonds on the planet, and Namibia is as a result the world's largest diamond
producer. Second, the dry and hot Namibian shoreline
is situated right at the point where the icy waters of the Atlantic hit the continent--Antarctic
water meets African desert, and the result is often unbelievable fog. This highly
mysterious coast is now the site of the 19,000 sq. mile (49,000 sq. km) Namib-Naukluft
National Park, a In the northeast, Namibian territory extends between Angola and
Botswana along the slender corridor of the Caprivi Strip. Unlike most of the rest
of Namibia, the Caprivi Strip is a wooded and fertile region, and it is crossed
by a number of rivers. Two of these, the Zambezi
and the Okavango, rank among the great rivers of Africa. The strip is also the
site of several game parks, which while not offering such an abundance of wildife
certainly provide spectacular scenery and relative solitude. Namibia's
center is occupied by a high escarpment plain. Windhoek, the capital and the only
city of any size, is located smack dab in the middle of the country. In the northern
part of the central plain is the Waterberg Plateau, a 150 sq. mi. (400 sq. km)
shelf that rises 150 metres straight from the surrounding plain. The plateau is
well-watered and lush, and is home to several rare and endangered species. At
Namibia's southern tip is yet another geological wonder--the immense Fish River
Canyon. Second only to the Grand Canyon in size, Fish River Canyon offers magnificent
vistas and great--though strenuous--hiking.
Daytime heat, rather than rain, is the primary concern for most travellers to
Namibia. While temperatures are generally comfortable year round, the warmest
season is the period extending from November to March. History & People Namibia
is populated by few people, but those few constitute an unusually diverse set
of peoples and cultures. The country's predominant (85%) black population is composed
of several different ethnic groups, including the San, the Khoi-Khoi, the Herero,
and the Ovambo. The small European population is composed of Germans and Afrikaners,
and there is also a significant Asian minority. The
great majority of Namibia's 1.5 million people live in the north, where there
the climate is less arid and generally more hospitable. The history of habitation
in Namibia begins with the San, who were living there at least two thousand years
ago. As a nation, however, Namibia is relatively young, having gained its independence
after prolonged struggles only in march of 1990. The
country was largely spared the attentions of the European powers until the end
of the nineteenth century, when it came under the control of Germany. In 1920
the territory was awarded by the League of Nations to South Africa, which resisted
Namibian independence for decades as a result of the area's enormous mineral wealth.
Although the UN voted to end South African control in 1966, widespread regional
warfare prevented the establishment of an independent government for almost two
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